Human organ trafficking is one of the largest organized crimes in the world, which is strongly related to ethical issues, human rights and public health. This phenomenon involves the illegal purchase and sale of body parts such as kidneys, livers, hearts and corneas and often occurs in countries that suffer from legal weaknesses and government corruption. Several factors such as poverty, financial need and lack of access to proper medical services force people to sell their body parts. Traffickers usually exploit poor people or immigrants who are in vulnerable situations. Therefore, investigating the causes of this phenomenon and ways to prevent it is a research necessity, which was carried out in this study using a descriptive-analytical method. According to the findings of this study, most of these victims suffer from both physical and psychological consequences and do not receive any support from traffickers after the operation and even face legal problems. This illegal trade poses serious risks to organ recipients due to the harm it causes to victims and the lack of compliance with medical and health standards. To combat this phenomenon, international cooperation, strengthening domestic laws of countries, and raising public awareness are essential. Only through stricter law enforcement and the establishment of legal systems for organ donation can this organized crime be stopped.
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