Distinguishing political crimes from public and security crimes with emphasis on Iran's penal system

Political crime has always been disputed by various penal systems and lawyers, and the specific scope of this crime in the world's penal systems has not yet been precisely defined, which has led some security criminals to try to consider their crimes as political crimes based on public opinion. In the minds of the society, they introduce themselves as deserving of being in the Discount regime. On the other hand, governments have tried to avoid granting this regime to various defendants by not accurately criminalizing political crimes. And they did not present the correctness of the political crime, and some of them only made a passing reference. Despite numerous studies in the field of explaining the concept of political crime, the distinctions between political crimes and other crimes remain in a state of ambiguity And this research, which is a library by analyzing the content of numerous articles, laws and books and through background and fundamental studies, seeks to answer the question: what is the difference between political crimes and other crimes with emphasis on the Iranian penal system? The findings of this study indicate that the Iranian legislature, relying on mental discipline in the spiritual element including political goals and motives, lack of greed and peaceful attitude, and relying on objective discipline in the material element including not committing violent crimes, treason, espionage, Lack of financial abuse and non-commission of vicious crimes, as well as in the legal element, relying has attempted to distinguish political crimes from other crimes